Canadian License to Chinese License: Complete Conversion Guide

Yes, Canadians can convert their driver’s license to a Chinese license by passing a written theory exam in English. No road test is required. The process takes 7-14 days and costs ¥300-700 total. Whether you hold an Ontario, BC, Quebec, Alberta, or license from any other province/territory, the conversion process is identical – China recognizes all Canadian provincial licenses equally. This guide covers everything Canadian drivers need to know about license conversion, the theory exam, and driving in China.

This guide provides complete DIY conversion instructions. We also offer expedited license services for Canadians who prefer professional handling of the application and exam scheduling process.

Can You Drive in China with a Canadian License?

No. You cannot drive in China with only a Canadian driver’s license.

China does not recognize foreign licenses, including Canadian licenses, for driving within mainland China. This means:

• ❌ Your provincial/territorial license alone is not valid
• ❌ An International Driving Permit (IDP) from CAA doesn’t help – China doesn’t recognize IDPs
• ❌ “But I have a full Class 5 license” – doesn’t matter, still need Chinese license
• ✅ You MUST obtain a Chinese driver’s license to drive legally

Driving with only a Canadian license carries penalties of ¥200-2,000 fine, vehicle impounding, and potential visa complications.

Your Two License Options

Important for Canadians: China recognizes all Canadian provincial/territorial licenses (ON, BC, AB, QC, SK, MB, NS, NB, PE, NL, YT, NT, NU) equally. Whether you have G license (Ontario), Class 5 (most provinces), or Class 7 (graduated), the conversion process is the same.

Prerequisites: What Canadian Drivers Need

License Requirements

Your Canadian license must be:

• ✅ Valid (not expired)
• ✅ Held for at least 3 months (some cities require 1 year – check local PSB)
• ✅ Full license (not G1, G2, N, L, or other learner/graduated classes)
• ✅ Physical card (not digital/photo – bring original)

License class mapping:

Note for graduated license holders: Class 7 (BC), Class 5-GDL (Alberta), and similar graduated licenses may not be accepted in all cities. Beijing and Shanghai typically require full unrestricted license. Check with local Vehicle Management Office before starting process.

Visa and Residence Requirements

For temporary license (3 months):

• ✅ Tourist visa (L visa) accepted
• ✅ Business visa (M visa) accepted
• ✅ Any valid visa works

For permanent license (6 years):

• ✅ Work visa (Z visa) or residence permit required in most cities
• ✅ Student visa (X visa) accepted in some cities
• ⚠️ Tourist visa sometimes accepted (Beijing, Shanghai allow; smaller cities may not)
• ✅ Proof of residence (hotel registration or lease agreement)

Step-by-Step: Converting Canadian License to Chinese License

Option 1: Temporary License (No Exam, Fast)

If you’re in China for less than 3 months, temporary license is the quickest option.

Timeline: 1-3 days total

Cost: ¥200-350

Step 1: Medical Examination (30-60 minutes)

1. Find designated hospital (search “外国人驾照体检医院” + your city)
2. Major cities with English-speaking hospitals:
   • Beijing: Haidian Hospital, Beijing United Family Hospital
   • Shanghai: Parkway Health, Shanghai United Family Hospital
   • Guangzhou: Clifford Hospital
3. Bring: Passport, ¥50-100 cash
4. Tests: Vision, hearing, color blindness, basic physical
5. Duration: 30-60 minutes
6. Receive: Health certificate (valid 6 months)

Step 2: License Translation (1-2 days)

1. Find PSB-approved translation service (search “驾照翻译公证” + your city)
2. Provide: Scan/photo of Canadian license (both sides)
3. Cost: ¥100-200
4. Duration: Same-day to 2 days (urgent service available)
5. Receive: Certified Chinese translation with official seal

Note for Canadians: Canadian licenses are in English (except Quebec which has French/English), making translation straightforward. Translators are familiar with Canadian license format.

Step 3: Application at Vehicle Management Office (1-2 hours)

1. Locate Vehicle Management Office (车管所, Che Guan Suo) in your city
2. Bring complete documents:
   • Passport (original + photocopy of photo page and visa)
   • Canadian license (original + photocopy)
   • Certified translation
   • Medical certificate
   • 3-4 passport photos (white background, 32mm×22mm)
3. Fill out application form (staff will assist with Chinese sections)
4. Pay ¥20-50 application fee
5. Wait: Same-day to 2 business days depending on city
6. Collect temporary license

Important restriction: With temporary license, you must carry THREE documents when driving: (1) temporary permit, (2) original Canadian license, (3) certified translation. Missing any = driving without valid license.

Option 2: Permanent License (Exam Required, 6-Year Validity)

For stays longer than 3 months or if you want a proper standalone license.

Timeline: 7-14 days total

Cost: ¥350-700

Steps 1-2: Same as temporary (medical exam + translation)

Step 3: Study for Subject 1 Theory Exam (5-14 days)

Subject 1 (科目一) is the ONLY test Canadians must pass. No road test required when converting valid Canadian license.

Exam specifications:

• Format: 100 multiple-choice questions
• Time limit: 45 minutes
• Language: Available in English at major testing centers
• Passing score: 90/100 (must get 90+ correct)
• Question types: True/False, single choice (A/B/C/D), multiple choice
• Testing format: Computer-based at official testing centers

Content breakdown:

• 30% – Traffic laws and regulations (penalty points, violations, legal responsibilities)
• 25% – Traffic signs and signals (warning, prohibition, mandatory signs)
• 25% – Safe driving knowledge (speed limits, following distances, weather driving)
• 20% – Common knowledge (vehicle maintenance, first aid, environmental protection)

Study resources for Canadians:

1. 驾考宝典 (Jiakao Baodian) – Most popular app, English version available
   • Contains full 1,300+ question bank
   • Organizes by category and difficulty
   • Mock exam mode simulates real test
   • Tracks progress and weak areas
2. China Driving Test apps – Designed for foreigners
   • Better English translations
   • Includes explanations for answers
   • Smaller question bank (~900 vs 1,300+)
3. Online practice: www.chinesedrivingtest.com (free, browser-based)

Recommended study plan:

Study strategy that works for Canadians:

1. Days 1-5: Study by category (traffic signs → traffic laws → safe driving → common knowledge). Do 100-200 questions per day. Read explanations for every wrong answer.
2. Days 6-10: Switch to random question mode mixing all categories. Complete 200-300 questions daily. Target 85%+ accuracy.
3. Days 11-14: Take full 100-question mock exams under timed conditions (45 minutes). Score 90+ on at least 3 consecutive mock exams before booking real test.

What’s different from Canadian road rules: The exam tests Chinese traffic laws, which differ significantly from Canadian rules. Pay special attention to:

• Penalty points system: 12-point system (12 points = license suspended). Different from demerit systems in provinces like Ontario (15 demerits) or BC (point system varies)
• Speed limits: Highways 100-120 km/h (similar to Canada but enforcement stricter with cameras everywhere)
• Blood alcohol limit: 0.02% (effectively zero tolerance, much stricter than Canada’s 0.05-0.08%)
• Right turn on red: Generally allowed (unlike some parts of Montreal/Quebec City)
• Following distances: Specified in meters (50m normal, 100m rain/fog)

Step 4: Book and Take Exam (Day 7-12)

1. Book exam 1-2 weeks ahead:
   • Via 交管12123 app (official traffic management app)
   • Or in person at Vehicle Management Office
2. Bring on exam day: Passport, booking confirmation
3. Arrive 30 minutes early for check-in
4. Take exam at assigned computer station
5. Select “English” language at start
6. Complete 100 questions in 45 minutes
7. Results displayed immediately on screen
8. If pass (90+): Receive pass certificate same day
9. If fail (<90): Can rebook after 10 days (unlimited attempts, usually free)

Canadian pass rates: Approximately 75-85% pass on first attempt after proper preparation. The exam is straightforward – not designed to trick you, just tests if you know Chinese traffic rules.

Step 5: Submit Permanent License Application (Day 8-14)

1. Return to Vehicle Management Office with:
   • All documents from temporary license process
   • Subject 1 exam pass certificate
   • Proof of residence (hotel registration/lease)
   • Additional 3-4 passport photos
2. Submit application
3. Photo taken for license card (or bring pre-approved photos)
4. Pay license production fee (¥10-50)
5. License card produced: 1-5 business days
6. Collect 6-year valid Chinese driver’s license

Total cost breakdown:

Time investment: 15-20 hours total (study 12-16 hours + administration 3-4 hours)

For detailed exam preparation strategies and question patterns, see our Subject 1 exam guide.

Province-Specific Considerations

Ontario Drivers (G/G2 Licenses)

Full G license: ✅ Fully accepted nationwide. Conversion process standard.

G2 license (graduated): ❌ Not accepted in most cities (Beijing, Shanghai reject). G2 is considered restricted license. Must upgrade to full G in Ontario before converting, or apply as first-time driver in China (requires practical road test).

G1 license: ❌ Not accepted (learner’s permit).

British Columbia Drivers (Class 5/7/N/L)

Class 5 (full): ✅ Fully accepted.

Class 7 (graduated – Novice): ⚠️ Acceptance varies. Beijing/Shanghai/Guangzhou typically accept. Smaller cities may require full Class 5. Check with local PSB before starting process.

Class N (New driver): ❌ Not accepted (restricted license).

Class L (Learner): ❌ Not accepted.

Alberta Drivers (Class 5/5-GDL)

Class 5 (full): ✅ Fully accepted.

Class 5-GDL (Graduated Driver’s License): ⚠️ Acceptance varies by city. Major cities usually accept after you’ve held it for 2+ years. Provide driving record showing no restrictions.

Class 7 (learner): ❌ Not accepted.

Quebec Drivers (Classe 5)

Classe 5 (full): ✅ Fully accepted.

Note on bilingual licenses: Quebec licenses have French and English text. Translation companies are familiar with Quebec format. Ensure translator includes both languages in translation.

Probationary license: ⚠️ Quebec’s probationary period (first 2 years with 4 demerit points) may be questioned. Bring driving record showing you’ve completed probationary period.

Other Provinces/Territories

Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, PEI, Newfoundland & Labrador, Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut:

• ✅ Full Class 5 licenses from all provinces/territories accepted equally
• ✅ Conversion process identical regardless of issuing province
• ⚠️ Graduated licenses (Class 7, GDL, etc.) subject to local PSB discretion

After Conversion: Driving in China as a Canadian

Key Differences from Canadian Roads

Biggest adjustment for Canadians: Traffic culture is significantly more aggressive than Canada. Expect frequent lane changes without signals, cars cutting in with minimal space, and constant horn use (communication, not aggression). Drive defensively and maintain larger following distances.

Practical Tips for Canadian Drivers

• ✅ Download Baidu Maps or Gaode Maps – Essential for navigation. Google Maps works with VPN but less accurate. These apps warn of speed cameras ahead.
• ✅ Set up mobile payment – Alipay or WeChat Pay required for parking, tolls, gas stations. Link international credit card before trip.
• ✅ Understand camera enforcement – Cameras everywhere: speed, red light, phone use, seatbelt, lane violations. Navigation apps show camera locations.
• ✅ Carry cash – ¥500-1,000 for tolls and gas (some stations don’t accept international cards even via mobile payment).
• ✅ Expect aggressive driving – Cars will merge aggressively, cut you off, honk constantly. This is normal, not road rage. Don’t take personally.
• ✅ Winter driving differences – If driving in northern China winter: roads less maintained than Canadian highways. Less salt/sand usage. All-season tires usually sufficient (snow tires not common).
• ✅ Gas station payment – Most don’t accept foreign credit cards. Use Alipay/WeChat or cash. Self-service uncommon – attendants pump for you.
• ✅ Emergency numbers – Save these: 122 (traffic police), 120 (ambulance), 119 (fire), 110 (general police).

Car Rental Considerations

Once you have Chinese license, renting is straightforward:

Best companies for Canadians:

• Hertz/Avis: English support, accept Visa/Mastercard, ¥400-500/day
• eHi Car Services: Largest network, English app, ¥250-400/day
• Ctrip/Trip.com: English booking platform, compares companies

Deposits for foreigners: ¥6,000-15,000 (vs ¥3,000-5,000 for locals). Refunded 15-30 days after return. This is standard, not discrimination – reflects flight risk perception.

Insurance recommendation: Get Collision Damage Waiver minimum (¥50-80/day). Full Coverage (¥100-150/day) recommended for first-time China drivers given aggressive traffic.

For detailed rental company comparisons, see our car rental guide.

Common Questions from Canadian Drivers

How long does the conversion process take?

Temporary license: 1-3 days. Permanent license: 7-14 days including study time for theory exam. If you start immediately upon arrival, you can be driving legally within 2 weeks.

Is the theory exam hard for Canadians?

No, with proper preparation. The exam is available in English and tests basic traffic knowledge. Canadians typically pass on first attempt after 7-14 days of study (1-2 hours daily). Content is logical – not tricky questions.

Do I need to retake a road test?

No. When converting a valid Canadian license, you only take written theory exam (Subject 1). No practical driving test required. This is a major advantage over applying as first-time driver.

What if my Canadian license expires while I’m in China?

If you have temporary Chinese license: it becomes invalid when Canadian license expires (must carry valid Canadian license). If you have permanent Chinese license: no impact – it’s standalone and independent of Canadian license status.

Can I drive with my Chinese license in Canada?

No (in most provinces). Chinese licenses are not recognized in Canada. You’d use your Canadian license when back in Canada. However, some provinces allow short-term visitors (from abroad) to drive on foreign licenses for limited periods (e.g., 3-6 months) – Chinese licenses may qualify but check provincial rules.

Does my Ontario demerit points carry over?

No. Your Chinese license starts fresh with clean record. Canadian driving history (demerits, violations) doesn’t transfer. However, some PSBs may ask for Canadian driving record (abstract) during application to verify license validity.

Can I convert a Class 7 (BC) or G2 (Ontario) license?

Depends on city. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou often reject graduated licenses. Smaller cities vary. Best approach: call local PSB before starting. If rejected, options are: (1) upgrade to full license in Canada first, or (2) get temporary license now, upgrade Canadian license later, then convert to permanent.

How much does the entire process cost?

¥230-450 for permanent license (medical ¥50-100, translation ¥100-200, photos ¥30-50, exam ¥30-50, application ¥20-50). Temporary license slightly cheaper (¥200-350, no exam fee). Professional services add ¥800-2,000 but handle all logistics.

Summary: Canadian Driver’s Action Plan

For stays <3 months (temporary license):

1. Medical exam (day 1) → translation (day 1-2) → application (day 2-3)
2. Cost: ¥200-350, Time: 3-4 hours + waiting
3. When driving: carry temporary permit + Canadian license + translation

For stays >3 months (permanent license):

1. Medical exam + translation (days 1-2)
2. Study for Subject 1 exam (days 3-14, 1-2 hours daily)
3. Take exam (day 10-14)
4. Apply for license (day 11-15)
5. Cost: ¥350-700, Time: 15-20 hours total

Before starting:

• Verify your license is full (not G2, N, L, Class 7 in strict cities)
• Check expiration date (must be valid throughout process)
• Bring original license card (not copy or digital version)
• Allow 2-3 weeks for complete process if getting permanent license

After getting license:

• Download navigation apps (Baidu/Gaode Maps)
• Set up mobile payment (Alipay or WeChat Pay)
• Practice driving in quiet areas first to adjust to aggressive traffic
• Carry emergency numbers and understand penalty points system

The license conversion process is straightforward for Canadians – no road test required, just a written exam. The bigger adjustment is adapting to China’s aggressive driving culture compared to Canada’s more orderly roads. With proper preparation and defensive driving, thousands of Canadian expats drive successfully in China every year.

For those preferring professional assistance through the application process, our service handles medical exam booking, translation arrangements, exam scheduling, and all document submission. Whether DIY or assisted, starting early ensures you’re legal and ready to drive when needed.